{"id":22,"date":"2020-04-06T16:32:53","date_gmt":"2020-04-06T16:32:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/deficrypto.dev\/fr\/?p=22"},"modified":"2020-04-06T16:34:59","modified_gmt":"2020-04-06T16:34:59","slug":"pos-validation-delegation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/deficrypto.dev\/fr\/pos-validation-delegation\/","title":{"rendered":"PoS, validation et d\u00e9l\u00e9gation dans les crypto-monnaies – Aper\u00e7u pour les profanes"},"content":{"rendered":"

Pour que les crypto-monnaies restent s\u00e9curitaires, \u00e9quitables et d\u00e9centralis\u00e9es, elles ont besoin d’un syst\u00e8me permettant d’obtenir un consensus r\u00e9parti entre tous les n\u0153uds informatiques traitant les transactions et cr\u00e9ant de nouveaux blocs. Il existe plusieurs moyens diff\u00e9rents pour parvenir \u00e0 ce consensus. L’un d’entre eux est connu sous le nom de proof-of-stake (PoS<\/strong>).<\/p>\n

La PoS est essentiellement un algorithme ex\u00e9cut\u00e9 sur tous les n\u0153uds d’un r\u00e9seau crypto. L’algorithme poss\u00e8de un protocole int\u00e9gr\u00e9 auquel tous les n\u0153uds informatiques int\u00e9ress\u00e9s par l’\u00e9criture de blocs doivent adh\u00e9rer. La meilleure fa\u00e7on de comprendre le fonctionnement du PoS est de le comparer \u00e0 un autre algorithme appel\u00e9 proof-of-work (PoW<\/strong>).<\/p>\n

Un moyen de consensus distinct<\/h2>\n

Nous commencerons par le PoW parce que Bitcoin l’utilise, et Bitcoin a \u00e9t\u00e9 la premi\u00e8re cha\u00eene de blocs disponible sur le march\u00e9. Chaque fois qu’une transaction de bitcoin a lieu, tous les n\u0153uds informatiques du r\u00e9seau s’activent \u00e0 la v\u00e9rifier. Ils prennent les donn\u00e9es de la transaction et les font passer par une formule math\u00e9matique compliqu\u00e9e. La bonne r\u00e9ponse permet de v\u00e9rifier que les donn\u00e9es re\u00e7ues sont correctes.<\/p>\n

Ce syst\u00e8me est connu sous le nom de proof-of-work<\/em> car il garantit que les n\u0153uds informatiques ont effectu\u00e9 un certain travail pour prouver \u00e0 la fois leur l\u00e9gitimit\u00e9 et l’int\u00e9grit\u00e9 des donn\u00e9es de la transaction.<\/p>\n

Dans un syst\u00e8me de PoS, aucun travail n’est effectu\u00e9. Au lieu de cela, les utilisateurs qui sont pr\u00eats \u00e0 offrir leur ordinateur comme n\u0153ud pr\u00e9sentent un certain nombre de jetons qui serviront de levier pour avoir la possibilit\u00e9 d’\u00e9crire le bloc suivant. Le r\u00e9seau lui-m\u00eame choisit au hasard le n\u0153ud pour \u00e9crire ce bloc. Tous les n\u0153uds restants doivent voter sur les r\u00e9sultats du n\u0153ud choisi afin de confirmer les donn\u00e9es avant que le bloc ne soit \u00e9crit.<\/p>\n

Termes importants du PoS<\/h2>\n

Les algorithmes de PoS rendent la confirmation des transactions plus rapide et plus simple. Toutefois, ils ne conduisent pas \u00e0 l’extraction de pi\u00e8ces de monnaie de la m\u00eame mani\u00e8re que Bitcoin. Plut\u00f4t que de gagner de nouveaux jetons \/ cryptos pour les blocs d’\u00e9criture, les utilisateurs sont r\u00e9compens\u00e9s par l’\u00e9quivalent crypto de l’int\u00e9r\u00eat sur les jetons qu’ils poss\u00e8dent d\u00e9j\u00e0. Cette compr\u00e9hension est essentielle pour comprendre les termes suivants du PoS :<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Validation<\/strong> \u2013 Un validateur ex\u00e9cute le logiciel de PoS de la cha\u00eene de blocs et agit comme un n\u0153ud sur le r\u00e9seau pour valider les nouveaux blocs. Le validateur met en jeu des jetons afin de participer au r\u00e9seau de PoS. Le validateur re\u00e7oit finalement une r\u00e9compense.<\/li>\n
  • D\u00e9l\u00e9gation<\/strong> – Un d\u00e9l\u00e9gant ou un d\u00e9l\u00e9gu\u00e9 poss\u00e8de des jetons de la cha\u00eene de blocs et les d\u00e9l\u00e8gue les bake vers un validateur \/ baker. Ils re\u00e7oivent une partie des r\u00e9compenses que le validateur auquel ils d\u00e9l\u00e8guent re\u00e7oit \u00e0 chaque tour.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Notez que tout cela se fait automatiquement \u00e0 l’aide d’un logiciel informatique. A titre d’exemple, un validateur n’est pas n\u00e9cessairement repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 par un \u00eatre humain. Personne ne regarde physiquement les donn\u00e9es de la transaction pour s’assurer que les blocs sont corrects. Le validateur est un logiciel informatique.<\/p>\n

    De m\u00eame, un validateur choisi pour traiter le bloc suivant ne fait rien d’autre que de permettre \u00e0 son ordinateur d’agir comme un n\u0153ud pour ce bloc. Le logiciel de r\u00e9seau se charge de tout le travail r\u00e9el.<\/p>\n

    Une autre fa\u00e7on de v\u00e9rifier les transactions<\/h2>\n

    En fin de compte, le proof-of-stake est un autre moyen de v\u00e9rifier les transactions en crypto-monnaies au fur et \u00e0 mesure qu’elles se produisent. Tout r\u00e9seau crypto a besoin d’une forme de validation pour garantir l’int\u00e9grit\u00e9 du ledger et la l\u00e9gitimit\u00e9 de chaque transaction. Les fans du PoS avancent que le PoS le fait d’une mani\u00e8re moins gourmande en ressources et plus rapide que le PoW.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Pour que les crypto-monnaies restent s\u00e9curitaires, \u00e9quitables et d\u00e9centralis\u00e9es, elles ont besoin d’un syst\u00e8me permettant d’obtenir un consensus r\u00e9parti entre tous les n\u0153uds informatiques traitant les transactions et cr\u00e9ant de nouveaux blocs. Il existe plusieurs moyens diff\u00e9rents pour parvenir \u00e0 ce consensus. L’un d’entre eux est connu sous le nom de proof-of-stake (PoS). La PoS […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[5],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-guides"],"yoast_head":"\nPoS, validation et d\u00e9l\u00e9gation crypto-monnaies - Aper\u00e7u pour les profanes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Une explication tr\u00e8s simplifi\u00e9e de la proof-of-stake vs la proof-of-work. 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